高中英语必修五知识点总结9篇
第1篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
句子成分的省略
为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。
1、省略主语
Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))
Serves you right.你活该(= It serves you right.)
2、省略谓语
Anything the matter?要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?)
The river was deep and the ice thin.河很深，冰很薄。
(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)
3、省略表语
Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am后面省略了表语ready)
4、省略宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze后省略了宾语problems)
Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes)
5、省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest后面省略了定语of the money)
6、省略状语
(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.
省略在句子中的应用
在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。
Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents company…..
Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.
过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。
Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.
1、作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句
Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…
2、作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。
Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…
3、作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句
Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….
Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…
4、作方式或伴随状语
Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.
Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.
5、作让步状语
Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….
6、独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。
Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.
Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.
Rewritewithproperconjunctions
Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.
Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.
1、Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.
→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…
2、Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…
3、Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
Ifweweregivenmoretime,
4、OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,
5、Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,
6、Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,
1、English is a widely used language.
2、He threw away the broken cup.
3、This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
4、Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;
过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
spoken English= English which is spoken
terrified people= the people who are terrified
an organized way= a way that is organized
affected area灾区= the area which is affected
stolen culture relics= culture relics that had been stolen
the book recommended by the teacher= the book which was recommended by the teacher
printed articles= articles that are printed
第2篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
1、impression n.印记;印象;感想;后接of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that从句; My first impression of him was favorable.他给我的第一印象非常讨人喜欢。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很开心。
知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的`印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。
2、remind v.提醒;使想起;常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth.使某人想起或意识到……;提醒某人某事I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me?很抱歉，我忘记你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下吗?
You remind me of your father when you say that.说到那的时候，我想起了你的父亲。
知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回忆的事物
3、constantly adv.始终;一直;重复不断地Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;
4、previous adj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的;
No previous experience is necessary for this job.以往的经验对这项工作不是很有必要。
I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我听到这个消息的时候，我觉得简直令人那以置信。
I had only seen him the previous day.我只在几天前见到过他。
知识拓展：previously adv.先前的;早先
The building had previously been used as a hotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。
5、bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts
to sth.致力于某事bend sb.to sth.迫使;说服bend the truth歪曲事实It's hard to bend an iron bar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。
She bent her head and kissed her daughter.她低下头吻了她的女儿。
6、press v.压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促n.报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界She pressed a handkerchief to his nose.她用手绢捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal.她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation.他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.庭审谢绝新闻采访。
7、switch n. & v.用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作，把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件。
I can't work next week, will you switch with me?下周我不想上班，你能和我换一下班。
8、lack n. & v.用作名词，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能
The trip was cancelled through lack of interest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。
知识拓展：lacking adj.缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足
9、surroundings n.环境;surround v.围绕;环绕surrounding adj.周围的;附近的Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings.每个人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。
10、catch/gain/get sight of发现，看出;lose sight of看不见,忘记; lose one's sight失明;at first sight一见就;乍看起来;at (the) sight of一看见就……;be in sight看得见，在眼前;out of sight看不见At first sight, the problem seems easy.乍一看，这个问题似乎很简单。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.小男孩一看到老师就跑了。 The island is still in sight.小岛仍然在眼前。
Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。
11、take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time占用(时间);占据(空间);to learn to or start to do sth开始做(某项工作);开始从事;to accept sth. that is offered or available接受(建议或能得到的东西) The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地儿。 They have taken up golf.他们学起打高尔夫球来了。 She took up his offer of a drink.他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week.他下周就要开始履行职责。
12、sweep up打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起He swept up the baby up into his arms.他一把将孩子抱进怀里
第3篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
重点单词
major local represent curious introduce
approach stranger express action general
avoid misunderstand similar agreement adult
punish intend means universal cultural
apologize behave bow flight defence
dormitory canteen dash comfortable distance
prefer touch custom false hug
function international powerful greet fist
yawn threaten respectful association gesture
第4篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
1.While still a student, she played roles in many plays.
连词+名词做时间状语
2.When asked about these cretof his success,Steven Spiel bergsaid…连词+过去分词做时间状语
3.When drinking to someone's health, you raise your glasses.连词+现在分词做时间状语
4.It's acustom in China to have some tea before them ealisserved.It做形式主语
5.Many people like this film not just because…，but also
because…并列连词
6.Having good table manners means knowing…
第5篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
1. especially, specially
especially adv.特殊地;尤其是
(1)侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英语)
(2) especially后可接介词短语或从句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
specially侧重特意地、专门地做某事(后面常接for sb.或to do sth.)
I made a chocolate cake specially for you.
2. boring, bored, bore
boring adj.令人厌烦的The book is very boring.
bored adj.感到厌烦的I'm bored with the book.
bore vt.令人厌烦This book bores me.
有些表示情感的及物动词，有与bore类似的用法。如：interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry这类词的现在分词形式，为“令人……”;过去分词形式，为“感到……”。
3. except for, except, but, besides
表示“除了”的词或短语有：except; but; except for; besides; except that (when...)等。
(1) except和but都表示“除了……之外。没有”，二者大多数情况下可以互换;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one等词后多用but。No one knows our teacher's address except / but him. (排除him)
(2) besides除……之外，还……，有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English与other languages都属于know的范围)
(3) except for只不过……，整体肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同类事物，for表示细节上的'修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
4. know, know of, know about
(1) know用作动词，意思是“(直接地)获知，懂得，认识，熟悉”。I don't know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest.
(2) know of和know about的意思都是“(间接地)获知”，指听别人说到或从书报上看到，二者没有什么区别。
5. for example; such as
(1) for example“例如”，用来举例说明某一论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替换。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example.
(2) such as “例如”，用来列举事物，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish.
[注意]如把前面所述情况全部举出，用that is或namely。
第6篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
link A to B将A和B连接起来
refer to
1)提及，指的是……
e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?
2) 参考;查阅;询问
e.g. If you don'tunderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.
Please refer to the lastpage of the book for answers.
3)关系到;关乎
e.g. What I have to sayrefers to all of you.
This rule refers toeveryone.
reference: n. 参考
e.g. reference books 参考书
7. to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's +名词”表“令某人……”
常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment等
e.g. I discovered, to myhorror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.
To John's great relief theyreached the house at last.
8. ... found themselves united peacefully
“find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp;介词短语;不定式)”
e.g. A cook will beimmediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.
You'll find him easy to getalong with.
They found themselvestrapped by the bush fire.
When I woke up, I foundmyself in hospital.
I called on him yesterday,but I found him out.
9. get sth done =have sthdone使某事被做…….
e.g. I'll just get thesedishes washed and then I'll come.
get + n. + to do
get + n. + doing
You'll get her to agree.
I'll get the car going.
get done:用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”
e.g. Be careful when youcross this very busy street.
10.break away (from sb /sth)脱离;破除…
e.g. It is not easy for himto break away from bad habits.
The man broke away from hisguards.
break down (会谈)破裂，失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控
e.g. His car broke down onthe way to work this morning.
His health broke down underthe pressure of work.
He broke down and wept whenhe heard the news.
Talks between the twocountries have completely broken down.
break in闯入;打岔
break off中断，折断
break into闯入
break out爆发;发生
break up驱散;分散，拆散
11. as well as不仅…而且;既…又…
e.g. He is a teacher aswell as a writer.
The children as well astheir father were seen playing football in the street.
12.convenience: n.方便;便利
e.g. We bought this housefor its convenience.
convenient: adj.
13. attraction:
1).吸引;引力(不可数n.)
2).吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数n.)
e.g. attraction ofgravitation重力
He can't resist theattraction of the sea on a hot day.
A big city offers many andvaried attractions.
What are the principleattractions this evening?
attract: v.
14.influence
1) v.对…产生影响
e.g. What influence you tochoose a career in teaching?
2)可数n.产生影响的人或事
e.g. He is one of the goodinfluences in the school.
3) (不可数n.)影响
e.g. A teacher has greatinfluence over his pupils.
第7篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
【重点句型】
1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
unless是连词，意为“如果不，除非”。在真实条件句中，unless引导的肯定条件状语从句，可以和if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。
Unless you change your mind，I won，t be able to help you.
=If you don?t change your mind，I won t be able to help you.
除非你改变想法，否则我不能帮助你。
I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.
=I want you to keep working if I don t tell you to stop.
如果我没说让你停，你就得继续干。
注意：unless不可用于假想的事情，因此当if...not引导非真实条件状语从句时，一般不可改用unless。
第8篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
1. impression
n.印痕;印记;印象;感想
常用结构：
have an impression of sth./doing sth.对(做)某事有印象
make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象
make no impression on对……无影响/效果
give sb.a favorable impression给某人留下好印象
an impression of one s foot某人的脚印
Your performance gave me a strong impression.
你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。
What I said made no impression on him.
我的话对他不起作用。
联想拓展
impress v.留下印象
impress sth.on/upon one s mind把……牢记在心上
2. lack
v.&n.缺乏;缺少的东西
注意：lack作名词时，后常接of。lack作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。
常用结构：
lack sth.缺少某物
lack for sth.缺少;需要
for/through lack of...因缺乏……
no lack of...不缺乏
a/the lack of ... ……的缺乏
He didn t go there because he lacked courage.
他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。
The plant died for lack of water.植物因缺水而死。
They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求。
联想拓展
lacking adj.匮乏的;不足的;没有的
be lacking in缺乏(品质、特点等)
She seems to be lacking in common sense.
她似乎缺乏常识。
3. sight
n.视力;视觉;看见;光景，奇观;名胜
常用结构：
lose sight of看不见;忘记;失去
catch sight of sth./sb.看见某物/人
at first sight初看之下;乍看起来
at (the) sight of一看见就……
out of sight看不见
be in sight看得见，在眼前
Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。
Last summer we had seen the sights of Beijing.
去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。
Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a man s footprint.
克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他非常害怕。
4. require
vt.需要;要求;命令
常用结构：
require that+主语+(should)+动词原形需要某人做某事
require sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
require sth.(of sb.)要求(某人)某事
I will do everything that is required of me.
凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。
The situation requires that I(should)be there.
形势需要我去那里。
温馨提示
require后接宾语从句时，宾语从句必须用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。
另外，表示“需要”，且是物作主语时，后接动词?ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义，可以等于不定式被动形式;在这一点上，need和want用法相同。
The house requires mending.
The house requires to be mended.房屋需要维修。
All cars require servicing regularly.
所有汽车都需要定期检修。
They required him to keep it a secret.
他们要求他对这事保密。
5. assist
vt.&vi.帮助;援助;参与;出席
常用结构：
assist sb. in/with sth.帮助(某人)某事
assist sb. in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事
assist sb. to do sth.帮助(某人)做某事
assist with帮助(照料，做);在……上给予帮助
I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.
有机会我愿随时帮你。
I m afraid I can t assist you, you have to go and see the manager.我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。
The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free.
有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。
第9篇高中英语必修五知识点总结
一、乙醇
1、物理性质：无色有特殊香味的液体，密度比水小，与水以任意比互溶
如何检验乙醇中是否含有水：加无水硫酸铜;如何得到无水乙醇：加生石灰，蒸馏
2、结构:CH3CH2OH(含有官能团：羟基)
3、化学性质
(1)乙醇与金属钠的反应：2CH3CH2OH+2Na=2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑(取代反应)
(2)乙醇的氧化反应
①乙醇的燃烧：CH3CH2OH+3O2=2CO2+3H2O
②乙醇的催化氧化反应2CH3CH2OH+O2=2CH3CHO+2H2O
③乙醇被强氧化剂氧化反应
CH3CH2OH
二、乙酸(俗名：醋酸)
1、物理性质：常温下为无色有强烈刺激性气味的液体，易结成冰一样的晶体，所以纯净的乙酸又叫冰醋酸，与水、酒精以任意比互溶
2、结构：CH3COOH(含羧基，可以看作由羰基和羟基组成)
3、乙酸的重要化学性质
(1)乙酸的酸性：弱酸性，但酸性比碳酸强，具有酸的通性
①乙酸能使紫色石蕊试液变红
②乙酸能与碳酸盐反应，生成二氧化碳气体
利用乙酸的酸性，可以用乙酸来除去水垢(主要成分是CaCO3)：
2CH3COOH+CaCO3=(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O+CO2↑
乙酸还可以与碳酸钠反应，也能生成二氧化碳气体：
2CH3COOH+Na2CO3=2CH3COONa+H2O+CO2↑
上述两个反应都可以证明乙酸的酸性比碳酸的酸性强。
(2)乙酸的酯化反应
(酸脱羟基，醇脱氢，酯化反应属于取代反应)